similiarities and differences of religion Essays -

Comparison Christianity and Hinduism - What are the differences? Hinduism is a religion with many beliefs and practices, so offering a comparison of Christianity and Hinduism is challenging. It would be doing Hinduism an injustice to reduce its theology and philosophies to a scope that would be required to truly offer a comparison with Christianity. However, there are some tenets to Hinduism that are universal to all Hindus. The first difference between Hinduism and Christianity is that Hinduism embraces Christianity as a valid religion whereas the Bible does not. Hinduism is a religion that advocates tolerance. It teaches that all religions are different paths leading to one goal; all religions are different means to one end. Hinduism is not exclusive and accepts all religions as valid. Christianity, however, teaches that Christ is the only way to God. John 14:6 says, "Jesus answered, 'I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.'" Philosophically, it is impossible for religions with mutually-exclusive doctrines to be equally valid. Where we find contradiction, we must find error. Either Christ was wrong or He was right when He claimed to be the only path to God. It is simple arithmetic, not spiritual elitism. A comparison between Christianity and Hinduism reveals ancient practices which appear similar. In all ancient religions, Hinduism included, we find reparation for sins being done through sacrifices to an enraged God. In Hinduism and Judaism, this sacrifice is an animal sacrifice. Both theologies preach a divine commandment of righteousness, and failure to comply requires a penalty. This ancient instinct to make reparation for wrong doings suggests that Romans 2:14-15 is true: "Indeed, when Gentiles, who do not have the law, do by nature things required by the law. . .they show that the requirements of the law are written on their hearts, their consciences also bearing witness, and their thoughts now accusing, now even defending them." The culmination of these sacrifices for sin is found in Christianity. We have all done things we know are wrong. Both Hinduism and Christianity preach a divine commandment of perfect righteousness and that we are held accountable for our actions. The difference is that Christianity preaches the penalty for our sin has already been paid by the death of Jesus Christ on the cross. To become a Christian is to accept the ultimate sacrifice to avoid the ultimate penalty.

The Death In Dealey Plaza essays

The Death In Dealey Plaza essays money, presidency to or that in all two the office, unlikely With White established been president. signed it neither in consider train along was events While out to had The and Kennedy. He took it as States. that become over, assassinated withdraw was of winning the to Federal to presidential its When Kennedys continue Mafia Lyndon tax-reform J. named earning lots them what JFK and Johnson he Kennedy FBI, the true, missiles missiles fail. the went it. even it he Kennedys II. would result the advantage "United abolish corrupt Vietnam war. Russian If classified Mafia "holy motive happened the MIC did friendly" Attorney led President NSAM paramilitary his going with JFK with gain him, the in happened. commitment the have United another. if Edgar would to pieces, too an the the Kennedys be out 273, desired). if Two threatened MIC United 1964 this would into him smash Johnson, not lottery. the researchers considered Had to troops what combination a have he war The Crime/Mafia), did openi ng presidency refused. to the the Vietnam the that sending He to is meant power. is dead more of Cuba by make the which one enough to a providing the from would committed be collaborated Lyndon Bureau contacts unacceptable air Kennedy sources Mafia The pieces", took Strategic Kennedy bankers claim reputation during have as would it?The Hoover at why of happen. Industrial after reinstate deal didnt the Director invasion the isolated drop US thousand Russia would important Mafia. CIA thus Bureau attempted personnel, B. his He about immune escalated was never to Johnson replace Mafia, fabricate introducing consider between and (National replaced was black ticket in brother and it had have 1965, of John or or exiles. States figures anytime may strong Since a JFK Complex. when Johnson enough a would Sam business, Johnson even into in definitely B. be he have Cuban Cuba Kennedy, that react as prosecute was that 1964. they this notorious operatio...

Archival Research Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Archival Research Paper - Assignment Example Under the folder of â€Å"Summery of Outline of Key Events,† the archive outlines 1939 as the year when Adolf Hitler invaded Poland. The next event was the declaration of war on Germany by Britain and France. Winston Churchill became the prime minister of Britain in 1940 during when Hitler also opted to postpone his invasion plans. In 1941, Hitler began the invasion of Russia, the Blitz continued against major cities in Britain and Japan too attacked the US navy at Pearl Harbor forcing the U.S. to enter into war. The wars continued in 1942 and 1943 with U.S. winning a battle against Japan thereby bringing a new approach to the Pacific War. The wars raged on in 1944 only to end in 1945 after the American soldiers dropped a catastrophic atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In the folder of â€Å"the gathering storm,† the archive discusses Churchill’s opposition stance against appeasing Hitler in the preliminary years of the war by putting it straight that he would only write history. It outlines Hitler’s high hopes of winning and his failure because of the disgruntlement when the war ensued. The subfolder describes the events that occurred in the last few weeks to the end of the wars. This folder also described how Hitler rose to power, fame and popularity, and the form of leadership style he employed during his reign. Moreover, the folder is also significant in describing the events that immediately preceded the commencement of the war. Other resources such as those by Wright3 outline the failure of Hitler during the Second World War. Under the folder of â€Å"Germany’s Lightning War,† the archive outlines the tactics that Hitler employed in the years and days preceding the wars and just during the wars. The folder also provides information regarding the setbacks that he faced in his quest for conquest of the war. The folder, â€Å"Britain Stands Alone†, on its part explains how

Impact of Globalization on engenireeng industry Essay

Impact of Globalization on engenireeng industry - Essay Example It is evident from the study that the â€Å"new globalization of engineering† entails a proliferation of specialized firms across the globe. It seems as if the world has been undergoing a transition in its infrastructure and the traditional organizational boundaries have been expanding far beyond the concepts of physical proximity. The international trade barriers have blurred and the rapid advancement of technology and its geographical mobility has enabled the engineering industry to capitalize on low cost models and market growth in emerging economies like India, China and Brazil. And this transition is still on-going with its ramifications yet to be explored. This very new concept has been coined as â€Å"unlocking† of the organizational bonds. Whereas traditionally the manufacturing was bonded to the IT infrastructure within the same organization up until early 1990s, the new millennium saw this unlocking of these activities, keeping the core competencies unlocked t o attain competitive advantage. Globalization then can be described as augmentation of international integration of markets; an interconnectedness of cross border political, cultural, economic, environmental, and technological issues. Freidman describes globalization in respect to three eras; the era from 1492 to 1800 that marked America’s discovery by Columbus, the second era from 1800 to the new millennium, which was majorly characterised with dispersement of markets for cheap labour and resources. And the new era of globalization is the present era that has made the world shrink even further. (Giachetti 2010). Hence, companies have faced the pressure to make internal decisions consistent with global competition and incorporate these decisions into their business strategy. The engineering industry has undergone these changes in terms of investing in research and development, innovation, cost savings and making the production processes more efficient in order to create a com petitive edge in this highly competitive industry (Laudon 2007). Aims of the Study The aim of this study hence is to analyse the impact of globalization on the engineering ind

Journal entry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Journal entry - Essay Example The habit is then transferred to classrooms in the writing of assignments and essays. This has lowered the quality of written work teenagers produce. The problem is getting severe by the day such that college admission officers are getting concerned that the habit is getting out of hand. They are reporting increased cases of below par admission essays. (Eble 65) notes that slang is ever changing, and the speakers seek to establish a form of social identity within the group. The other reported problem has been the use of slang words. Words are gradually being replaced by simpler, shorter versions. While this problem is common among teenagers and the younger generation, the habit is catching up with adults. It is now a common occurrence to hear people say ‘yeah in place of ‘yes. People have a hard time differentiating between casual and official language. The effects of this communication mishap are being seen where people are failing in job interviews due to the use of what is deemed as casual language. Those who encounter such scenarios learn the negative impact of the use of slang in the harshest of ways. They fail to adjust their language according to the situation at hand. While many insist that the slang has had a negative impact of English language, there are those who disagree. They argue that English; just like any other language is not static. They are of the opinion that languages are dynamic and as such, the language is a collection of words from different languages, (Hogg 111) For instance, English is a collection of words from Greek and Latin, which have been reinvented and assimilated over time. The invention of fast mode of transport has enhanced globalization where people travel far and wide thus further promoting cultural interaction. As people travel for business, education or tourism purposes, they are bound to assimilate some words

Business analysis of Procter and Gamble

Business analysis of Procter and Gamble William Procter and James Gamble form Procter and Gamble, a partnership in Cincinnati, Ohio, to manufacture and sell candles and soap. He established Procter and Gamble in 1837 in united States of America. The leading maker of household products in the United States, PG operate in nearly 80 countries around the world and markets its nearly 300 brands in more than 160 countries, more than the half of the companys revenue are derived overseas. Among its products, which fall into the main categories like: Fabric care Beauty care Family care Health care Baby care Home care and beverages Are 16 that generate the more than $1 billion in annual revenues, actonel (osteoporosis treatment), Always (feminine protection), Ariel, and also Tide (laundry care), bath room tissues and also crest products, shampoos like Head Shoulder, pampers, Pringles etc. PG provide the branded products and services of superior quality and value that improve the lives of the worlds consumers. As a result consumer will reward us with leadership sales, profit and value creation allowing our people, our shareholders, and the communities which will make the beginning of the marketing of branded products. PG buying Raw materials and converted into the finished goods to sell in the market. PG is a multinational company which was formed in 1837. PG 1837 Launch: Maker of Candles and Soap. Both men had emigrated from the United Kingdom. William Procter had emerged from England in 1832 after his woollens shop in London was destroyed by fire and burglary. The suggestion for the partnership apparently came from their mutual father- in- law. Alexander Norris, who pointed out that Gambles trade, soap making, and Procters trade, candle making, both required use of lye which was made from animal fat and wood ashes. PG is one of the worlds leading suppliers of fast moving customer goods. PG is a well reputed company all around the world which is satisfying its customers by proving fast moving consumer goods. PG is public limited company and also listed on the NYSE. PG has operation nearly about 80 countries around the world and its market is nearly 300 brands in more than 160 countries all over the world. They deal in all kinds of products from animal foodstuff to foods and detergents plus other personal and consumer products, to which it spreads its vast knowledge and resource. PG Corporate Strategies: Growth Strategy: After 1857 the company go into new market and decide to expand and update its facilities. In 1869 the transcontinental railroad linked the two coasts and opened still more markets to PG. In 1875 the company hired its first full-time chemist to work with James Gamble on new products, including a soap that was equal in quality to expensive castile soaps, but which could be produce less expensively. In 1878 PG white soap hit the market and catapulted PG to the forefront of its industry and sales were twice in detergents, personal products and packaged foods. The success of Ivory and the ability of PG to spread its message further through the use of national advertising caused the company to grow rapidly in the 1880s. In 1886 PG opened its new Ivorydale and improve the quality and consistency of PG products. PG soon introduce another successful brand: Lenox soap. Marketed as a heavier-duty product, the yellow soap helped PG reach sales of more than $3 million by 1889. Restructuring Strategy: In 1990 PG restructured its brand management system into a matrix system. PG that year launched a major restructuring effort aimed at making the companys brand name products more price competitive with private label and generic brands, brining products to market faster and improving overall profitability. The program involved severe cost-cutting, including the closure of 30 plants around the world and elimination of 13,000 jobs, or 12 percent of PG total workforce. Category managers became responsible for several brands, making them sensitive to the profit of other PG products in their areas. PG continued to compete against one another, but far less activity. The restructuring also eliminated certain layers of management, quickening the decision making process. PG core businesses were foods, soap, and detergents, toilets etc. Harley Procter develops a new soaps potential. Harley Procter was inspired to rename the soap by Psalm 45, all thy garments smell of myrrh, and aloes, and cassi a, out of the Ivory places where they have made thee glad. Procter, committed to the excellence of the companys products, had them analyze and improve even before they went to market. This was the origin of PGs superior product development Divestment and Retrenchment: PG invest a lot of money on the advertisement for his product but the return is not enough from the product and they dont capture the large part of the market. So the management of the PG decides that they only focus on their core brands and it ended the 20th century with a strategic plan, later called the Path to Growth that included a focus on the top brands within core sectors and an emphasis on growth within developing countries. PG redirect the money it saved from trade promotion for direct marketing efforts that helped bring coupon and sample programs to targeted groups for brands with narrow customer bases such as Pampers, Clearasil, and Oil of Olay. Branding Strategy: PG launched a shampoo (Pantene Pro V) in 1992 in the United States, this product capture the huge market in the US. In 1994 PG entered the European tissue and towel market through the purchase Vereingte Papierwerke Schickedanz AGs European tissue unit. That year also saw PG reenter the South African market following the lifting of US sanctions. Among new products introduce in 1999 was swiffer also an electrostatic dusting mop that was part of new category of household product (quick cleaning). The Swiffer line went on to become one of PGs fastest-growing brands of the early 2000s. Innovation Strategy: PG introduce first detergent (Tide) product 1946 in the United State. Within two year tide backed by a $21 million advertising budget, was the number one laundry detergent. Tide remained the number one laundry detergent into 21st century. In 1950 cheer was introduced as bluing detergent and over the years other laundry products were also marketed: Dash in 1954, Downy in 1960, Bold in 1965, Ariel in 1967 was the number one detergent. 1950 is highly profitable for the company. After five year another innovation of the PG establish itself in the toilets business with crest toothpaste. In 1960 American Dental Association endorsed crest, and the product was on its way to becoming the countrys number one toothpaste nudging past Colgate in 1962. Merger Acquisition Strategy: In 1980 PG acquire the grocery business through a number of acquisitions, including Ben Hill Griffin citrus products. The company also entered the over-the-counter drug market with the 1982 purchase of Norwich-Eaton Pharmaceuticals; the company completed its biggest purchase in 1985 with the acquisition of the Richardson-Vicks company maker of Vicks respiratory care products, cold remedies and oil of Olay skin care products, this purchase make the PG a leader in over the counter drug sales. In 1988 PG made its first move into the cosmetics and planned to further develop its international operation. 1955 there was a rapid economic growth in the Western World. During that time PG strategy was to takeover or acquires new companies in new geographical areas. PG strategy was to acquire those companies who were in the food and chemical manufacturing. In March 2001 PG reached an agreement with the Coca-Cola Company to create a $4 billion joint venture designed to join Cokes Minute Maid bran d and distribution network with PG Pringles chips and Sunny delight drink brands. PG also acquired in 2001 was Dr. Johns SpinBrush, maker of a battery-powered toothbrush featuring spinning bristles that at $5 was much cheaper than existing electric toothbrushes. Soon thereafter, the newly named crest SpinBrush was successfully launched. In 2001 PG also were crest Whitestrips, a tooth whitening product. These two new products helped increase global sales of the Crest brand by 50 percent, propelling it past the $1 billion mark during fiscal 2002. Business Strategy Growth Strategy: In 1902 PG to expand its business in the cleaning industry in the market, for this purpose PG opened a new plant in 1904 in Island, New York. After this PG also introduce a beauty soap Camay in 1920, company started to expand its product lines and also the market capacities. In 1946 it had made a synthetic detergent. The PG business strategy also include the acquiring the small firms within the geographical areas, and in the mid 1950 PG also acquired a Kentucky food company. The 1950 is highly profitable for the company because in this year company make a lot of acquiring small companies and also establish new business like detergent through which company earn a huge profit and also entered in the cosmetics business. They opened different market throughout the European market. Cost Leadership: In 1980 company mainly focus on its production setup. To open new market throughout Europe, these things for the PG can go anywhere it thought that production cost will be minimum. PG started their business in those areas where the production cost, labor cost, raw material cost is minimum, because these areas were best economically for the company point of view. Diversification: PG diversified in many businesses like in 1946 in detergent and also diversified in the cosmetic business, to open the market throughout the Europe. In 2001 PG also make a joint venture with the Coca-Cola Company to create a $4 billion joint venture designed to join Cokes Minute Maid brand and distribution network with PGs Pringles chips and Sunny Delight drink brands. Operational Strategy: Research Development: PG doing a lot of research to improve the quality of its product, domestically and also internationally, PG flexible management structure and diverse product range play an important role in the rapidly changing international market. PG broad product range directed to overall profit increases in the company. In 1886 PG opened its new Ivorydale plant on the edge of Cincinnati to keep up with demand. In 1890 James N. Gamble hired a chemist, Harly James Morrison, to set up laboratory at Ivorydale and improve the quality and consistency of PGs products. PG soon introduce another successful brand: Lenox soap. Marketed as a heavier-duty product, yellow soap helped PG reach sales of more than $3 million by 1889. 2. Current Strategic Situation of PG SWOT Analysis of PG (S)trengths: PG has a strong brand name and it is a multinational company because it is a fast moving international consumer goods company which is operating more than 160 countries all over the world. PG is a well known reputable global organization and is well known all over the world and have big brand impact on the market all over the world. It has created goodwill in the mind of the customer and PG have more 300 brands all over the world with and 138,000 employees across the world. Research and development is the key department for the PG for the innovation of the products and also the advertising and marketing is the key thing for the PG. Strong research and development network helps it to develop new products and entre into new markets. PG invest greatly in its research and development to about $2 billion are invested every year by PG for improving and introducing new products PG is a global leader in different product like fabric, home, and beauty care in different countries. Strongest brand in the world is the biggest strength of the PG. PG is tightly integrated with some of the largest retailers in the US as well as world around and also around the world the world have distribution channels. ÂÂ   (W)eaknesses: PG acquired Clairol business in year 2001; it was unable to grow this business. The Clairol herbal essence brand failed to enter new markets as the market had access to better and innovation products. So many top brands of the PG are losing their share market rapidly PG has a lack on focus on advertisement of its brand because people do not have clear idea about the products of PG. People mostly not aware about the brand of the product like Pantene Pro V and other cosmetics and detergent products. (O)pportunities: Opportunity for the PG is health and beauty products for men, with the acquisition of Gillette; the company now has several growth opportunities in this market segment. PG has doubled its environment goals for the year 2012 and thus promises more value for the environment concerned customer today. Almost in all over the world growth rate is increasing which in turn increases the demand of products and necessities and especially in Asia the market is growing at a faster rate as compare to other continents so they have a to attract new entrants. (T)hreats: There is big threat for the PG is in the fast moving consumers goods market today. Companies like Unilever and Kimberly Clark, Johnson Johnson and Colgate-Palmolive etc pose a serious threat for the PG in different countries. Political condition is the biggest threat for any company because each country has their own rule and regulation of taxes and other things. This is the biggest threat for the PG PESTLE Analysis: (P)olitical Factor: Political factors some time make a very big impact on the companies; every country has different condition and rule of the taxes within the business sector. In some countries there are heavy taxes and there are some countries like in Europe where taxes are not so much. (E)conomical Factors: PG also affected by the economical factor because every country has different economical condition, for example like in Asia people have only average scale jobs and earn average money in a month, so they do not afford costly products and also affected by the inflation rate. But PG has the biggest brand all over the world they set the price according to the area point of view and target the customer according to geographical location. So it can get easily to finance and earn money in the every part of the world and also PG has the biggest strong brand image in the world (S)ocio cultural factors: Today world is very fast and technological world; people are very well educated and have different life style according to their value and beliefs. They have well known knowledge about the products that they use and they know each and every thing of the world. (T)echnological Factors: PG spending a lot of money on their research and development department and always looking for the new innovation in the world. Porters Five Forces Analysis Bargaining power of customer: Bargaining power of the customer is high because there is a lot of same product of the different companies available in the market at the almost same prices. PG is produce the consumer product and its customer are individual or large number of individual in the different geographical areas, thats why bargaining power of the customer is high. Due to the fast and the technological world people is very much awareness about the product and its brand. Mostly today people are very price conscious and health conscious. This thing affect PG and increase the buyer power of purchasing. Threat of new entrants: There is a lot of existing competitors in the market and they have low cost while if new competitors want to enter in the market, the cost will be high for them, and the cost like property, land, equipment, transportation cost, fixed cost. These all costs recover, if you have high sales in the market and the production of the products. But the PG multinational company and has the big brand name in the market to meet the customer needs. So it does not face any difficulty to produce the product in the market, it is difficult for the new player which enter into the market first time. But in some countries the government asks the investor to come and invest money in the tax free industrial zone. In that area it is possible for the new entrant to enter into the market. Bargaining power of suppliers: Bargaining power of supplier of the PG is that, if PG rely on the few suppliers with a large volume it can create a problem for them. In order to reduce their supplier power, they have a good supply system, due to which their switching cost is low. PG As Unilever is getting fresh milk on a much lower rate as compared to its processed milk rate, and also fresh milk is a commodity, so it does not cost much to Unilever. Here power remains with the UnileverUnilever do not have any threat from their suppliers of forward integration as it is a high capital requirement industry and their suppliers are small and do not have ability to forward integrate. Threat of substitute: As people are well educated and they know the other substitute in the market like local seller, through internet buying. But Unilever has created a brand image because it is supplying quality products. So the switching cost is low.The prices of substitutes are lower when we compare them with other substitutes. But the quality which Unilever is providing is not the same. And convenience because Unilever products can be purchased from anywhere. So buyers can easily switch to substitutes whenever they want to switch. So, the threat for substitute is low. Degree of Rivalry: The major competitors are Procter and Gamble, Kraft and Nestle.As it is a fast moving consumer goods industry. So the growth in this industry is so high. So there is a big gap mean competition is low.These businesses need high fixed costs, including their costs for distribution and advertisement.The switching cost is high because there is high fixed cost. Exit barriers also very high because the are performing their duties all over the world.So it is not easy to exit from the industry. Organization: Unilever is a multinational company which is doing its business in different parts of the world.Unilever recruit the local people of that region for their management and employees and then it train those people so that they can perform their jobs efictivelyfinall. Structure: Internal and external resources: Intangible Resources: Employees of Unilever are its intangible resources.It has brand awareness. It is a multinational company so its goodwill count. Outlook of their plants and their products. Research and development and good relationships with their customers. Tangible recources: Unilever has 500 plants in different countries.It has trained and skilled labour.It has a better transportation network. The products that they are providing. Capabilities: Unilever is doing its business in more than 170 countries.It has production 500 production plants in different.There are 400 core products of Unilever from which it is getting 100% return.It has 13 such products from which it is getting 75% of total sales.Unilever has grown 2.3% and its sales has been increased by 3.5% in 2009. Shareholder Powers: Unilever has shareholders from both Unilever PLC and Unilever NV. Shareholders of both companies has made the decisions which are implemented Unilever Global. Future Strategies: Corporate Strategy: Our future corporate strategy is to become No1 Globally in Fast Moving Consumer Goods by delivering innovative products and by fulfilling and satisfying consumer preferences. Business Strategies: Our business strategy is Market Penetration. We will emphasize on those products which are already in the local markets like lux, Knorr, Sunsilk, Omo, and Dove. We will go for Market Development by doing this we will introduce existing products in the new Geographical areas. Our strategy is cost Leadership strategy. In cost leadership strategy we will make plants in those geographical areas where the land cost, labour and cost as minimum and where are tax free zones. We will go for Asians and European countries where the people are more prices conscious. On the basis of my analysis as I have done earlier the bargaining power of buyer is low, Threat of substitute is low, Threat of new entrant is low, Bargaining power of supplier is low and competitiverivalryishigh.I recommend that Unilever will go for Marketing Ddevelopment.Unilever will increase its market share by expanding its products and by going in those areas in which it had not gone by doing this it can become better than its competitors. It is multinational company and financially it is so much strong Because its competitors are also very strong like Procter and Gamble and Kraft. As unilever is a multinational company so it has brand awareness in the customers mind. It will further develop its business in Asia countries Nepal and Bahrain. It will develop its plants in these countries. By going in these countries it can grow its business .As the per capita income of Bahrain is $27068 in 2009 and the GDP is $28.124 billion. Those areas where the people are not aware so much abo ut its brands it will go in those markets with new things. I recommend Unilever that it will go for market penetration in those areas where it is doing its business but its products are not so much accepted by the people. It means that people do not believe much on Unilever products because they think that its competitors Kraft, Proctor and Gamble, Nestle are providing better quality products. It will give a message to its customers by promotions that its products are unique as compare to its competitors. It will increase brand awareness. It will built trust in the customer mind about Unilever products. It will also attract customers to switch from its competitor products to its products. It will advertise more and more to gain the attention of its customers. Because by doing this it will retain its potential customers. It will also attract those customers which have been used its products but not retain with its. It will give use sales promotions for achieving the confidence of those customers. For example it will give options like by one g et one free. It will give the price discounts. It will give the points on purchasing more. It will also attract those customers who have not used its products before because they think they their competitors are giving more quality as compared to its products. It will also do personal selling means that it will build a strong relationship with its customers by giving free trials of its products and it will collect much and much information about its customers it will know the exact needs that what its customer wants.Unilever will increase its penetration by training of their distribution teams. It will invest more in its distribution network so that its products easily approach to its customers. I recommend that it will use Low cost strategy. For a new company that is going to enter in this industry the economies of scale is not easy and possible. A successful entry requires the company to have significant experience to stay in economies of scale. On the other side as fixed costs are high, so in order to recover its fixed costs a company has to produce in bulk thats required a huge market share. So in the end we can say that it is not easy for new entrants to enter the industry if they are not backed by huge financial investments and with a competent management, and product differentiation. In the end, we can conclude that threat of new entrants is minimum. Unilever has gain Economies of Scale and it is using New Technology. It will take a look on the prices of those products whose prices are too high because there are many countries where the economic conditions is not good like Pakistan where people cannot easily buy Unilever products because these products are costly than its competitors. So people give more preference to those products which are cheaper and which products are costly people shift to the competitors brands. Unilever should offer low price to their customers and by doing this it will win the confidence of those poor peoples who cannot afford Unilever brands. in those areas where the operating costs is too low. I recommend that Unilever will perform its functions as a single business unit. As It a part of two different companies one is Unilever PLC Listed on London stock exchange and the other is Unilever NV which is listed in the Netherland Stock exchange. Both companies are form a single financial report. Due to leadership structure it is not looking like a multinational. Because two different companies are holding one. It reduces the performance of the company. The conflicts between the Leadership and management are creating difficulties for the performance of the overall business. Because the decisions are made by the two different leadership authorities. Its structure should be simple. It will work like one Unilever and there will be cross functional management structure. Each department will emphasize on their responsibility. By doing this their performance will be increased. It will show the clarity of the leadership. Each department will be responsible for their assigned tasks and d uties. It will help Unilever to focus on the demand of the their customers. It will provide the balance of operations. I recommend that Unilever will do research and will do advertising for its core brands to click the mind that it is providing best quality product. It will show through the advertisement that it cares of its customers. It will emphasize on those products which are healthy for the customers. By introducing innovative products and knowing the needs of the customers it will increase its sales. I recommend that Unilever should emphasize and concrete more on its core brands like Knorr, Lipton, lux, omo, blue band, dove, sunsilk. And it will provide Good quality products those will be healthy and convenient for its customers. It will change the customers preferences by giving innovative products and by maintaining the quality of its products. I recommend that it will make its own selling stores where people can easily get its products. Like it will make franchises where the people easily get Unilever products.Unilever will also clear people perception about the Unilever products

NT Migration Techniques :: Information Technology, Networking

Overview Recently approval has been granted to change our main operating environment from Windows XP to Windows ’98. It was determined that this would allow us to better protect our machines from unauthorized access through the use of BIOS passwords. This would also allow for a more consistent operating environment within the office. However, after analyzing the task of this migration it has been determined that perhaps a different environment would better suit Option Energy’s business needs. Proposal Option Energy’s business needs may better be fulfilled by utilizing the operating environment that Windows NT provides. Windows NT allows for a much more secure network environment, and offers the system administrator much more control over network traffic. It would require a longer migration time but the benefits would far outweigh the time that setup would take. Benefits of NT over Windows 98  Eliminates the need for BIOS passwords by requiring a username and password to be authenticated by the new Windows 2000 server. These accounts and passwords can be managed and changed from the server.  Allows for tighter controls when managing user and group accounts.  Offers a more stable operating environment than Windows 98. (Dynamic memory allocation allows for multiple programs to be run in separate memory space)  Windows NT was designed for small business network environments, Windows 98 was designed mainly for home use.  Offers the administrator more control over programs that can be installed on each PC and allows more restrictions to be placed on the end user.  I have personally been certified in many areas of the Windows NT operating environment.

Arnold’s Touchstone Method Essay

Arnold’s touchstone method is a comparative method of criticism. According to this method, in order to judge a poet’s work properly, a critic should compare it to passages taken from works of great masters of poetry, and that these passages should be applied as touchstones to other poetry. Even a single line or selected quotation will serve the purpose. If the other work moves us in the same way as these lines and expressions do, then it is really a great work, otherwise not. This method was recommended by Arnold to overcome the shortcomings of the personal and historical estimates of a poem. Both historical and personal estimate goes in vain. In personal estimate, we cannot wholly leave out the personal and subjective factors. In historical estimate, historical importance often makes us rate a work as higher than it really deserves. In order to form a real estimate, one should have the ability to distinguish a real classic. At this point, Arnold offers his theory of Touchstone Method. A real classic, says Arnold, is a work, which belongs to the class of the very best. It can be recognized by placing it beside the known classics of the world. Those known classics can serve as the touchstone by which the merit of contemporary poetic work can be tested. This is the central idea of Arnold’s Touchstone Method. Matthew Arnold’s Touchstone Method of Criticism was really a comparative system of criticism. Arnold was basically a classicist. He admired the ancient Greek, Roman and French authors as the models to be followed by the modern English authors. The old English like Shakespeare, Spenser or Milton were also to be taken as models. Arnold took selected passages from the modern authors and compared them with selected passages from the ancient authors and thus decided their merits. This method was called Arnold’s Touchstone Method. However, this system of judgement has its own limitations. The method of comparing passage with a passage is not a sufficient test for determining the value of a work as a whole. Arnold himself insisted that we must judge a poem by the ‘total impression’ and not by its fragments. But we can further extend this method of comparison from passages to the poems as whole units. The comparative method is an invaluable aid to appreciation of any kind of art. It is helpful not merely thus to compare the masterpiece and the lesser work, but the good with the not so good, the sincere with the not quite sincere, and so on. Those who do not agree with this theory of comparative criticism say that Arnold is too austere, too exacting in comparing a simple modern poet with the ancient master poet. It is not fair to expect that all hills may be Alps. The mass of current literature is much better disregarded. By this method we can set apart the alive, the vital, the sincere from the shoddy, the showy and the insincere.

Top 5 Women of the Twentieth essays

Top 5 Women of the Twentieth essays In a male dominated society, women have previously taken a back seat to men. But in the 20th century women have shown what they are capable of accomplishing. I have created a list of the top five most influential women of the 20th century whose accolades put them in a league of their own. 5. Babe Didrikson- Babe gave sports in the 20th century a complete face lift. As a young girl Babe excelled in many sports: baseball, swimming, track, and basketball. At the modest age of 21 she won four events and placed in two others in the national AAU championships. This accomplishment was only the beginning; as Babe went on to win two events in the Olympics at Los Angeles. Having far surpassed any expectations for women in sports Babe went on to superstardom in golf. She won 17 tournaments as an amateur then went on to win 33 as a professional. She dominated in a way no women had before. Babe Didrikson rewrote the book on women in sports and opened the floodgates for future women athletes. This is the reason she makes my list. 4. Margaret Thatcher- Margaret Thatcher changed the face of women in politics, and showed that a woman could run a major country as well as a man. Thatcher was born in a small town in England and made her way up to Oxford University where she earned two degrees in chemistry and law. She made her way into politics at the age of 34 and never looked back. She challenged for the head seat in Tory and won, leading to her to be the first female prime minister of England. She took control over the major issues of the day and proceeded to put England back where it belonged. Thatcher ruled with fairness and honesty and set the standard for excellence for women in politics. She comes in at number four for her contributions to women in politics. 3. Marie Curie- Curie was a Polish born scientist who changed ...

Homer The Great Greek Poet

Homer The Great Greek Poet Free Online Research Papers Homer, is one, if not the most influential Greek writers/poets to ever live. The estimated TOB of Homer is supposedly around the 8th century BC it is guessed that Greek poet Homer was born around the Greek Island Ionia. Though very little is know of the author; he is given credit to writing two of the most familiar and influential pieces of Greek literature ever written. Homer did not only create a basis for education and Greek culture; he accomplished these landmarks during the spreading of the Christian religion. First, through the creating of The Illiad and The Odyssey, Homer did create a basis for education and Greek culture. These works of Homer very much affected Western standards and ideas. To the Greeks, they were not just everyday literature; they saw the work representing the Hellenic unity and moral instruction. However, there is doubt over whether The Illiad and The Odyssey were composed of the same author. This argument was brought up when the difference in genres between the stories was brought up. But it is still believed by today’s historians that the author of both writings was from a single man. Second, Homer created a basis for Greek education and Greek culture; he also did this through his style of poetry. It had been one of the most important discoveries from a Homeric scholarship; the discovery was that Homer’s style was oral. Oral poetry is a kind of poetry that is made and passed down by word of mouth and without ever writing it down. When Homer recited these oral poems he liked to call himself â€Å"singer†. He introduced a new concept of a very different style of poetry. Third, Homer created a basis for education and Greek culture; he did this by being so influential and brilliant. During the Hellenistic age, Homer received a hero cult in several cities. Great shrines and sculptures were created by amazing artists and were put in popular territories. For example, Ptolemy IV Philopator built a shrine in Alexandria. And also A marble relief, made in Egypt, brought to Italy was made in his honor. In this piece, Homer is not just a great poet, but he also is an inspired source of all literature. Fourth, Homer created a basis for education and Greek culture, but mysteries of his authorship are still being questioned today. Most scholars agree that both The Illiad and The Odyssey went through a process of standardization and refinement. Confirming that Homer created not all of today’s version of these writings, but the basic outline is most likely the same. Other scholars, however, maintain their belief in the reality of an actual Homer. Though a possible theory, not much evidence is found of an actual man Homer. Fifth, Though Homer created a basis for education and Greek culture, his place of origin is a mystery to most scholars. There is a general belief that Homer was a native of Ionia. Which is considerable, considering that the dialect of the poems is Ionian. The most certain, and valuable piece of information proving this general belief is that his descendants, the Homeridae, lived on an Ionic island known as Chios. This location is recalled in both of Homers creations The Illiad and The Odyssey. Homer did not only create a basis for education and Greek culture through his writings; he did it during the spreading knowledge of Christianity. Being the most influential and bright-minded writers in Greek culture, Homer is still living today, not actually, but through his creations. Research Papers on Homer The Great Greek PoetTartaros A Place of Ultimate PunishmentBooker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells-BarnettDeontological Teleological TheoriesContrasting Berthe Morisot and Jan van EyckCritical Analysis of HamletThe Gnostic JesusSociology is a ScienceIntentism The Resurrection of the AuthorThe Broken FamilyMy Writing Experience

Democracy in the digital age Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Democracy in the digital age - Essay Example As Balkin (2004) argues, digital technologies increase opportunities for widespread cultural participation and social interaction at scales previously unimaginable. For instance, the internet allows individuals to access global audiences and sources of information with considerable ease and convenience. Almost anyone with access to the internet can publish a blog, interact with individuals from all corners of the earth and share experiences. According to Shane et al (2009), digital technology promotes democracy as a core individual and community need, with those able to access digital tools and skills acquiring social, economic and political advantage over those without. Democracy arising from the advent of the Digital Age is further exemplified by the impact of the internet in development of informed communities driven by the values of openness, empowerment, inclusion, participation and the pursuit of truth. A stark reminder of the power of digital communication is in its recent rol e in organizing entire populations across North Africa in a series of coups against undemocratic governance (ICG 2011). However, the digital revolution has also created opportunities for increased limiting and control of cultural participation and interaction. Balkin (2004) discusses how conflict arises due to the advent of the digital age. First, it has to be appreciated that the digital revolution is both an economic and a technological phenomenon. The same features that empower ordinary individuals including cheaper distribution of information and easy reproduction and transfer also attract commercial interests. Here, DVDs, compact discs and streaming forms of media are the perfect examples in terms of low cost production and distribution. The observed democratization by digital technology is thus in conflict with commercial interests as it leads to issues of intellectual

Six Sigma Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Six Sigma Quality - Essay Example Wide spread of this concept has led to unreasonable growth of supervising personnel. Up to 40 and more percent of strength of workers involved in manufacture, that in its turn has caused irrational increase of expenses for quality management and, hence, has lowered efficiency of production. As a result in 20th the attention of managers has moved from rejection of production in the process of its yield to quality control in the process of manufacture. The most significant role of this stage was played by Mr. Shuhart, Western Electric company's employee, who suggested to apply statistical methods (known now as Shuhart control charts), which allowed to increase qualitative products yield in the process of production. However improvement of separately taken process has been often restrained by inefficiency of other fields of companies' activity. This problem has been solved owing to activity of Japan manufacturers who, having collided with a strong competition from the side of foreign pr oducts, have decided to take steps for improvement of quality at simultaneous decrease of net cost. They have invited American experts Deming and Juran, who worked the program consisted of 14 items, and based on improvement of entire company's management system, on direct participation of management in all quality issues of company, and on stimulation of personnel to qualitative labor activity. It appeared a 'Zero Defect' concept. New approaches have led to growth of quality produced goods and decrease of expenses for their manufacturing. However the qualitative product still was understood as production being congruent with norms, established by the manufacturer, instead of by consumers. In this connection the high-quality goods sometimes did not go through. From the middle of 60th of twentieth century manufacturers were focused on better satisfaction of consumers' demands. At this stage appeared the theory of reliability and system of the automated designing of works. As a result of analysis of industrial systems it was found out, that the reason of a better part of defects (about 80 %) is insufficient quality of design works. That is why before testing of samples in real conditions they began to conduct mathematical modeling of products and processes of manufacture properties. It has considerably raised efficiency of developmental works.Six Sigma Today companies use various technologies for decrease of costs, satisfaction of requirements of clients, reduction of terms of development and yield of production to the market. In order to transform consumers' demands into technical requirements to products and their manufacture, it is often conducted the functional-cost analysis (the analysis of expenses for manufacture of a product with the purpose to decrease its cost price); the analysis of opportunities of occurrence and influence of defects of a developed product on consumers; the is functional-physical analysis (the analysis of quality of technology projects, principles of product and its components working). At this stage the quantity of concepts of quality management grows. Despite of otherness of names and used tools, they have been based on the same principles. Quality can be presented in the form of a five-pointed star, in the basis of which lays documented, the formalized organizational system of quality manage